Explanation:
The bloomfilter resides in the directory of each bucket that has one. The directory name is composed of the earliest and latest timestamps of the events in the bucket, as well as the bucket ID.
For example, $SPLUNK_HOME/var/lib/splunk/indexfoo/db/db_1553504858_1553504507_8 is a possible directory name for a bucket. The bloomfilter is a file named bloomfilter in this directory.
Therefore, the correct answer is A, $SPLUNK_HOME/var/lib/splunk/indexfoo/db/db_1553504858_1553504507_8.

Explanation: When Splunk indexes events, it extracts metadata fields such as host, source, and source type from the raw data. These fields are used to identify and categorize the events, and to enable efficient searching and filtering. Splunk also assigns a unique identifier (_cd) and a timestamp (_time) to each event. Splunk does not extract the top 10 fields, perform parsing, merging, and typing processes on universal forwarders, or create report acceleration summaries during indexing. These are separate processes that occur either before or after indexing. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Extracts metadata fields such as host, source, source type.

Explanation: The input type that would be most appropriate to use in order to ensure files are ingested and then deleted afterwards is batch. The batch input type monitors a directory for files, reads each file once, and then deletes or archives the file. The batch input type is useful when the files are not continuously updated, but rather created and moved to a directory for Splunk to process. The batch input type requires that the Universal Forwarder has read/write access to the directory structure, which is the case for the customer. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Batch.

Explanation: The best way to remove the output_file capability from users with the default user role is to clone the default user role, remove the output_file capability, and assign it to the users. This way, the users will retain all the other capabilities of the default user role, except for the output_file capability. Cloning a role creates a copy of an existing role that you can modify as needed. Creating a new role without inheriting from an existing role would require adding all the other capabilities manually, which is tedious and error-prone. Editing the default user role is not recommended, as it may affect other users who rely on that role. Inheriting from a role with a capability does not allow removing that capability from a child role.

Explanation: The parsing pipeline contains the regex replacement processor that would be called upon to run event masking routines on events as they are ingested. Event masking is a process of replacing sensitive data in events with a placeholder value, such as “XXXXX”. This is done by using the SEDCMD attribute in props.conf, which specifies a regular expression to apply to the raw data of an event. The regex replacement processor is responsible for executing the SEDCMD attribute on the events before they are indexed.

Explanation: The correct process and procedure for migrating a Splunk index cluster to new hardware is as follows:
Install new indexers. This step involves installing the Splunk Enterprise software on the new machines and configuring them with the same network settings, OS settings, and hardware specifications as the original indexers.
Configure indexers into the cluster as peers; ensure they receive the cluster bundle and the same configuration as original peers. This step involves joining the new indexers to the existing cluster as peer nodes, using the same cluster master and replication factor. The new indexers should also receive the same configuration files as the original peers, either by copying them manually or by using a deployment server. The cluster bundle contains the indexes.conf file and other files that define the index settings and data retention policies for the cluster.
Decommission old peers one at a time. This step involves removing the old indexers from the cluster gracefully, using the splunk offline command or the REST API endpoint /services/cluster/master/control/control/decommission. This ensures that the cluster master redistributes the primary buckets from the old peers to the new peers, and that no data is lost during the migration process.
Remove old peers from the CM’s list. This step involves deleting the old indexers from the list of peer nodes maintained by the cluster master, using the splunk remove server command or the REST API endpoint /services/cluster/master/peers. This ensures that the cluster master does not try to communicate with the old peers or assign them any search or replication tasks.
Update forwarders to forward to the new peers. This step involves updating the outputs.conf file on the forwarders that send data to the cluster, so that they point to the new indexers instead of the old ones. This ensures that the data ingestion process is not disrupted by the migration.

Explanation: Subsearches have a default result output limit of 10000. This means that a subsearch can return up to 10000 results to the main search. If the subsearch returns more than 10000 results, the main search will only use the first 10000 results and ignore the rest. This limit can be changed by using the maxout parameter of the format command or by setting the max_subsearch_results option in limits.conf.

Explanation: The queue that would be expected to fill up in a worst case scenario when the indexers are struggling to maintain the expected indexing rate due to inefficient regex replacement transforms is the parsing queue. The parsing queue is the queue that holds the events that are being parsed by the indexers. Parsing is the process of extracting fields, timestamps, and other metadata from the raw data. Regex replacement transforms are part of the parsing process, and they can be very CPU-intensive if they are not optimized. Therefore, if the indexers are overloaded with inefficient regex replacement transforms, the parsing queue will fill up faster than it can be emptied, and the indexing rate will suffer. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Parsing.

Explanation: Splunk does not support overlapping usernames between internal Splunk authentication and LDAP. If a username exists in both $SPLUNK_HOME/etc/passwd and LDAP, Splunk will try to use the internal Splunk authentication first, as explained in the previous question. However, if the user tries to change their password or edit their account settings, Splunk will error with a message like "Cannot edit user: User exists in multiple realms". This is because Splunk cannot determine which authentication scheme to use for these actions. Therefore, it is recommended to avoid overlapping usernames between internal Splunk authentication and LDAP.

Explanation: The next step after the customer provides the name of the license master is to update the Splunk PS base config license app and copy it to each indexer. The Splunk PS base config license app is a Splunk app that contains the configuration files for licensing, such as server.conf and licenses.conf. The app needs to be updated with the name of the license master in the server.conf file under the [license] stanza. Then, the app needs to be copied to each indexer in the cluster under $SPLUNK_HOME/etc/apps directory. This will enable the indexers to communicate with the license master and join the license pool. Therefore, the correct answer is C, update the Splunk PS base config license app and copy it to each indexer.

Explanation: The Search Job Inspector can be used to debug searches if the search has not expired. This means that the search artifact still exists on the search head and can be inspected for performance and error information. The Search Job Inspector can be accessed from the Job menu in Splunk Web, or by using the btool command with the job_inspector option. The search does not need to be running or queued to use the Search Job Inspector, as long as it has not expired. Therefore, the correct answer is A, if the search has not expired.

Explanation: The Monitoring Console (MC) is a Splunk app that provides a comprehensive view of the health and performance of a Splunk environment. The MC can be configured to monitor a single instance or a distributed deployment. To monitor a distributed deployment, the MC instance needs to be configured as a search head that can run distributed searches across the other instances in the environment. Therefore, the MC instance needs to have the other search heads, the deployment server, the license master, and the cluster master/master node as distributed search peers. The MC instance does not need to have the indexers as distributed search peers, because the cluster master/master node already provides access to the indexed data in the cluster. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Search heads, deployment server, license master, cluster master/master node.