Explanation: The correct answer is D. No, because the event time is greater than the retention time.
According to the Splunk documentation1, the frozenTimePeriodInSecs setting in indexes.conf determines how long Splunk software retains indexed data before deleting it or archiving it to a remote storage. The default value is 188697600 seconds, which is equivalent to six years. The setting can be overridden on a per-index basis.
In this case, the cat_facts index has a frozenTimePeriodInSecs setting of 2630000 seconds, which is equivalent to about 30 days. This means that any event that is older than 30 days from the current time will be removed from the index and will not be searchable.
The event timestamp was 3739283 seconds ago, which is equivalent to about 43 days.
This means that the event is older than the retention time of the cat_facts index and will not be searchable.
The other settings in the stanza, such as maxHotSpanSecs and maxTota1DataSizeMB, do not affect the retention time of the events. They only affect the size and duration of the buckets that store the events.

Explanation: According to the Splunk system admin course PDF, When adding native users, Username and Password ARE REQUIRED

Explanation: "When ingesting event data, the measured data volume is based on the new raw data that is placed into the indexing pipeline. Because the data is measured at the indexing pipeline, data that is filtered and dropped prior to indexing does not count against the license volume qota."

Explanation: [monitor::/opt/log/crashlog/Jan27crash.txt]. This stanza means that Splunk is monitoring a single local file named Jan27crash.txt in the /opt/log/crashlog/ directory1. The monitor input type is used to monitor files and directories for changes and index any new data that is added2.

Explanation:
The correct answer is D. The timezone of the forwarder will be added to the event as part of indexing.
According to the Splunk documentation1, Splunk software determines the time zone to assign to a timestamp using the following logic in order of precedence:
Use the time zone specified in raw event data (for example, PST, -0800), if present.
Use the TZ attribute set in props.conf, if the event matches the host, source, or source type that the stanza specifies.
If the forwarder and the receiving indexer are version 6.0 or higher, use the time zone that the forwarder provides.
Use the time zone of the host that indexes the event.
In this case, the event does not have a time zone specified in the raw data, nor does it have a TZ attribute set in props.conf. Therefore, the next rule applies, which is to use the time zone that the forwarder provides. A universal forwarder is a lightweight agent that can forward data to a Splunk deployment, and it knows its system time zone and sends that information along with the events to the indexer2.The indexer then converts the event time to UTC and stores it in the _time field1.
The other options are incorrect because:
A. Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) is not the time zone that Splunk adds to the event as part of indexing, but rather the time zone that Splunk uses to store the event time in the _time field. Splunk software converts the event time to UTC based on the time zone that it determines from the rules above1.
B. The timezone of the search head is not relevant for indexing, as the search head is a Splunk component that handles search requests and distributes them to indexers, but it does not process incoming data3.The search head uses the user’s timezone setting to determine the time range in UTC that should be searched and to display the timestamp of the results in the user’s timezone2.
C. The timezone of the indexer that indexed the event is only used as a last resort, if none of the other rules apply. In this case, the forwarder provides the time zone information, so the indexer does not use its own time zone1.

Explanation:
https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk/7.3.1/Admin/Configurationfiledirectories Section titled, Configuration file directories, states "A detailed list of settings for each configuration file is provided in the .spec file names for that configuration file. You can find the latest version of the .spec and .example files in the $SPLUNK_HOME/etc system/README folder of your Splunk Enterprise installation..."

Explanation: Adding further clarity and quoting same Splunk reference URL from @giubal" "To keep configuration settings consistent across peer nodes, configuration files are managed from the cluster master, which pushes the files to the slave-app directories on the peer nodes. Files in the slave-app directories have the highest precedence in a cluster peer's configuration. Here is the expanded precedence order for cluster peers:

1. Slave-app local directories -- highest priority
2. System local directory
3. App local directories
4. Slave-app default directories
5. App default directories
6. System default directory --lowest priority

Explanation: The correct answer is D. Place both props . conf and transforms . conf on the Heavy Forwarder for source A, and place both props . conf and transforms . conf on the indexer for source B.
According to the Splunk documentation1, to mask sensitive data from raw events, you need to use the SEDCMD attribute in the props.conf file and the REGEX attribute in the transforms.conf file. The SEDCMD attribute applies a sed expression to the raw data before indexing, while the REGEX attribute defines a regular expression to match the data to be masked.You need to place these files on the Splunk instance that parses the data, which isusually the indexer or the heavy forwarder2. The universal forwarder does not parse the data, so it does not need these files.
For source A, the data is routed through a heavy forwarder, which can parse the data before sending it to the indexer. Therefore, you need to place both props.conf and transforms.conf on the heavy forwarder for source A, so that the masking takes place before indexing.
For source B, the data is routed directly to the indexer, which parses and indexes the data.
Therefore, you need to place both props.conf and transforms.conf on the indexer for source B, so that the masking takes place before indexing.

Explanation: When using a directory monitor input, specific source types can be selectively overridden using the props.conf file. According to the Splunk documentation1, “You can specify a source type for data based on its input and source. Specify source type for an input. You can assign the source type for data coming from a specific input, such as /var/log/. If you use Splunk Cloud Platform, use Splunk Web to define source types. If you use Splunk Enterprise, define source types in Splunk Web or by editing the inputs.conf configuration file.” However, this method is not very granular and assigns the same source type to all data from an input. To override the source type on a per-event basis, you need to use the props.conf file and the transforms.conf file2. The props.conf file contains settings that determine how the Splunk platform processes incoming data, such as how to segment events, extract fields, and assign source types2. The transforms.conf file contains settings that modify or filter event dataduring indexing or search time2. You can use these files to create rules that match specific patterns in the event data and assign different source types accordingly2. For example, you can create a rule that assigns a source type of apache_error to any event that contains the word “error” in the first line2.