Topic 1: Part 1
What provides context for architecture work, by describing the needs and ways of working employed by the enterprise?
A. Architecture Contracts
B. Business principles business goals, and business drivers
C. Strategy and vision
D. Stakeholder needs
Explanation:
Business principles business goals, and business drivers provide context for architecture work, by describing the needs and ways of working employed by the enterprise. They define what the enterprise wants to achieve, how it wants to operate, and what factors influence its decisions and actions. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.2 Preliminary Phase.
Consider the following statements:
1. Groups of countries, governments, or governmental organizations (such as militaries) working together to create common or shareable deliverables or infrastructures
2. Partnerships and alliances of businesses working together, such as a consortium or supply chain
What are those examples of according to the TOGAF Standard?
A. Enterprises
B. Organizations
C. Business Units
D. Architectures Scopes
Explanation:
According to the TOGAF standard, the two statements provided refer to different scopes within which architecture can be developed:
Groups of countries, governments, or governmental organizations working together typically align with broader, often international, scopes of architecture that transcend individual enterprise boundaries.
Partnerships and alliances of businesses working together, such as a consortium or supply chain, refer to collaborative efforts that can define architecture at a scope involving multiple enterprises.
In both cases, the term "Architectures Scopes" is appropriate because it reflects the varying levels and contexts in which architectures can be defined, ranging from single business units to collaborative inter-organizational efforts.
Which of the following best describes purpose of the Business Scenarios?
A. To identify risk when implementing an architecture project
B. To identify and understand requirements
C. To catch errors in a project architecture early
D. To guide decision making throughout the enterprise
Explanation:
Business scenarios are a technique for capturing, clarifying, and communicating the functional and non-functional requirements of a system. Business scenarios describe the business environment, the actors involved, the desired outcomes, and the processes or rules that govern the behavior of the system. Business scenarios are useful for ensuring that the architecture addresses the real needs and concerns of the stakeholders, and for validating and testing the architecture against expected situations. Business scenarios are developed in Phase A:
Architecture Vision of the ADM cycle, and refined and updated throughout the other phases3 References: 3: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 26: Business Scenarios : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM), Chapter 18: Phase A: Architecture Vision
What is an objective of the ADM Preliminary Phase?
A. To develop a vision of the business value to be delivered by the proposed enterprise architecture
B. To select and implement tools to support the Architecture Capability
C. To obtain approval for the Statement of Architecture Work
D. To create the initial version of the Architecture Roadmap
Explanation:
The Preliminary Phase is the preparatory phase of the Architecture Development Method (ADM) cycle, which sets the context and direction for the architecture work. One of the objectives of this phase is to select and implement tools to support the Architecture Capability, which is the ability of an organization to perform enterprise architecture effectively and efficiently. Tools can include software applications, methods, techniques, standards, and frameworks that assist the architecture development and governance processes. The selection and implementation of tools should be based on the requirements and constraints of the organization, and the alignment with the Architecture Principles and the Architecture Vision3 References: 3: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM), Chapter 6: Preliminary Phase : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 45: Establishing and Maintaining an Enterprise Architecture Capability : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 46: Tools for Architecture Development
Which section of the TOGAF template for Architecture Principles should describe the relationship to other principles?
A. Name
B. Rationale
C. Statement
D. Implications
Explanation:
According to the TOGAF template for Architecture Principles, the Rationale section should describe the relationship to other principles, as well as the business benefits and the intentions of adhering to the principle. The Rationale section should use business terminology and point to the similarity of information and technology principles to the principles governing business operations. The Rationale section should also explain how the principle supports the achievement of the business objectives and key architecture drivers. References:
Architecture Principles Template
The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Architecture Principles
The Open Group Exam OGEA-103 Topic 1 Question 4 Discussion
Please read this scenario prior to answering the question
You are the Lead Enterprise Architect at a major agribusiness company. The company's main harvest is lentils, a highly valued food grown worldwide. The lentil parasite, broomrape, has been an increasing concern for many years and is now becoming resistant to chemical controls. In addition, changes in climate favor the propagation and growth of the parasite. As a result, the parasite cannot realistically be exterminated, and it has become pandemic, with lentil yields falling globally.
In response to the situation, the CEO has decided that the lentil fields will be used for another harvest. The company will also cease to process third-party lentils and will repurpose its processing plants. Thus, the target market will change, and the end-products will be different and more varied.
The company has recently established an Enterprise Architecture practice based on the TOGAF standard as method and guiding framework. The CIO is the sponsor of the activity. A formal request for architecture change has been approved. At this stage there is no fixed scope, shared vision, or objectives.
Refer to the scenario:
You have been asked to propose the best approach for architecture development to realize the CEO's change in direction for the company.
Based on the TOGAF standard which of the following is the best answer?
A. You propose that this engagement define the baseline Technology Architecture first in order to assess the current infrastructure capacity and capability for the company. Then the focus should be on transition planning and incremental architecture deployment. This will identify requirements to ensure that the projects are sequenced in an optimal fashion so as to realize the change.
B. You propose that the team uses the architecture definition document and focus on architecture development starting simultaneously phases B, C and D. This is because the CEO has identified the need to change. This will ensure that the change can be defined in a structured manner and address the requirements needed to realize the change.
C. You propose that the team focus on architecture definition including development of business models, with emphasis on defining the change parameters to support this new business strategy that the CEO has identified. Once understood, the team will be in the best position to identify the requirements, drivers, issues, and constraints for the change.
D. You propose that the priority is to produce a new Request for Architecture Work leading to development of a new Architecture Vision. The trade-off method should be applied to identify and select an architecture satisfying the stakeholders. For an efficient change the EA team should be aligned with the organization's planning, budgeting, operational, and change processes.
Explanation:
A Request for Architecture Work is a document that describes the scope, approach, and expected outcomes of an architecture project. A Request for Architecture Work is usually initiated by the sponsor or client of the architecture work, and approved by the Architecture Board, which is a governance body that oversees the architecture work and ensures compliance with the architecture principles, standards, and goals. A Request for Architecture Work triggers a new cycle of the Architecture Development Method (ADM), which is the core process of the TOGAF standard that guides the development and management of the enterprise architecture.
An Architecture Vision is a high-level description of the desired outcomes and benefits of the proposed architecture. An Architecture Vision is the output of Phase A: Architecture Vision of the ADM cycle, which is the first phase of the architecture development. An Architecture Vision defines the scope and approach of the architecture work, and establishes the business goals and drivers that motivate the architecture work. An Architecture Vision also involves obtaining the approval and commitment of the sponsors and other key stakeholders, and initiating the Architecture Governance process.
A trade-off analysis is a technique that can be used to evaluate and compare different architecture alternatives and select the most suitable one. A trade-off analysis involves identifying the criteria and factors that are relevant to the decision, such as costs, benefits, risks, and opportunities, and assessing the strengths and weaknesses of each alternative. A trade-off analysis also involves balancing and reconciling the multiple, often conflicting, requirements and concerns of the stakeholders, and ensuring alignment with the Architecture Vision and the Architecture Principles.
Therefore, the best answer is D, because it proposes the best approach for architecture development to realize the CEO’s change in direction for the company. The answer covers the Request for Architecture Work, the Architecture Vision, and the trade-off analysis techniques that are relevant to the scenario.
Please read this scenario prior to answering the question
You are working as the Chief Enterprise Architect within a law firm specializing in personal injury cases. Many of the firm's competitors have improved their litigation strategies, and efficiency by streamlining their processes using Artificial Intelligence {Al).
The CIO has approved a Request for Architecture Work to examine the use of Machine Learning in defining a new Al-driven litigation and finance process for the firm. This process would instruct the lawyers and analysts as to what tasks and portfolio they should work on. The key objectives are to increase task profitability, maximize staff utilization, and increase individual profitability.
The CIO has emphasized that the architecture should enable the fast implementation of continuous Machine Learning. The solution will need to be constantly measured for delivered value and be quickly iterated to success.
Some of the partners have expressed concerns about letting the Al make the decisions, others about the risks associated with use of it for the type of service they deliver. The CIO wants to know if these concerns can be addressed, and how risks will be covered by a new architecture enabling Al and Machine Learning.
Refer to the scenario
You have been asked to respond to the CIO recommending an approach that would enable the development of an architecture that addresses the concerns of the CIO and the concerns of the partners.
Based on the TOGAF standard which of the following is the best answer?
A. You recommend that a Communications Plan be created to address the key stakeholders, the most powerful and influential partners. This plan should include a report that summarizes the key features of the architecture reflecting their requirements. You will check with each key stakeholder that their concerns are being addressed. Risk mitigation and agility will be explicitly addressed as a component of the architecture being developed.
B. You recommend that an analysis of the stakeholders is undertaken resulting in documenting the stakeholders and their concerns in a Stakeholder Map. The concerns and relevant views should then be defined for each group and recorded in the Architecture Vision document. The requirements will include risk mitigation through regular assessments. This will also allow a supervised agile implementation of the continuous Machine Learning.
C. You recommend that all possible models be created for each candidate architecture that will enable the Al and Machine Learning solution. This ensures that all the necessary data and detail is addressed. A formal review should be held with the stakeholders to verify that their concerns have been properly addressed by the models. Agility will be considered during Phase G Implementation Governance.
D. You recommend creation of a set of business models that can be applied uniformly across all architecture projects. The stakeholders will be trained to understand the business models to ensure they can see that their concerns are being addressed. Risk will be addressed once the Security Architecture is developed, which will happen later to avoid slowing down the agility required by the CIO.
Explanation: A Stakeholder Map is a technique that can be used to identify and classify
the stakeholders of the architecture work, and to document their key interests,
requirements, and concerns. A stakeholder is any person, group, or organization that has a
stake in the outcome of the architecture work, such as the sponsor, the client, the users,
the suppliers, the regulators, or the competitors. A Stakeholder Map can help to understand
the needs and expectations of the stakeholders, and to communicate and engage with
them effectively1.
The steps for creating a Stakeholder Map are:
Identify the stakeholders of the architecture work, using various sources and
methods, such as interviews, surveys, workshops, or existing documents.
Classify the stakeholders according to their roles, responsibilities, and
relationships, using various criteria and dimensions, such as power, influence,
interest, attitude, or impact.
Define the concerns and relevant views for each stakeholder group, using various
techniques, such as business scenarios, use cases, or value propositions. A
concern is a key interest or issue that is relevant to the stakeholder, such as a
goal, a problem, a need, or a risk. A view is a representation of the system of
interest from the perspective of one or more stakeholders and their concerns.
Record the stakeholders and their concerns in a Stakeholder Map, which shows
the mapping between the stakeholder groups, the concerns, and the views. The
Stakeholder Map also shows the dependencies, assumptions, and issues related
to each stakeholder and concern.
Therefore, the best answer is B, because it recommends the approach that would enable
the development of an architecture that addresses the concerns of the CIO and the
partners, using the Stakeholder Map technique. The answer covers the following aspects:
An analysis of the stakeholders is undertaken, which involves identifying,
classifying, and defining the stakeholders and their concerns.
The stakeholders and their concerns are documented in a Stakeholder Map, which
provides a clear and comprehensive picture of the stakeholder landscape and their
interests.
The concerns and relevant views are recorded in the Architecture Vision
document, which is the output of Phase A: Architecture Vision of the Architecture
Development Method (ADM), which is the core process of the TOGAF standard
that guides the development and management of the enterprise architecture. The
Architecture Vision defines the scope and approach of the architecture work, and
establishes the business goals and drivers that motivate the architecture work. The
Architecture Vision also involves obtaining the approval and commitment of the
sponsors and other key stakeholders, and initiating the Architecture Governance
process2.
The requirements include risk mitigation through regular assessments, which
involves identifying, analyzing, and evaluating the risks that may affect the
architecture, and determining the appropriate measures or actions to prevent,
reduce, or mitigate the risks. Risk mitigation can also involve monitoring and
reviewing the risk situation, and communicating and reporting the risk status and
actions3.
This approach also allows a supervised agile implementation of the continuous
Machine Learning, which involves applying agile principles and practices to the
architecture development and implementation, such as iterative and incremental
delivery, frequent feedback, collaboration, and adaptation. A supervised agile
implementation can help to ensure the quality, value, and alignment of the
architecture, and to respond to the changing needs and expectations of the
stakeholders.
The_________________ensures that a project transitioning into implementation also smoothly transitions into appropriate Architecture Governance.
A. Migration Plan
B. Transition Plan
C. Implementation Governance Model
D. Implementation Strategy
Explanation: The Implementation Governance Model is a framework that defines the roles, responsibilities, processes, and standards for governing the implementation of the target architecture. It ensures that a project transitioning into implementation also smoothly transitions into appropriate Architecture Governance, which is the practice of ensuring compliance with the enterprise architecture and its principles, standards, and goals. The Implementation Governance Model is part of the Implementation and Migration Plan, which is the output of Phase F: Migration Planning of the Architecture Development Method (ADM).
Complete the sentence The purpose of the Preliminary Phase is to_____________.
A. describe the target architecture
B. define the enterprise strategy
C. identify the stakeholders and their requirements
D. architect an Enterprise Architecture Capability
Explanation: The purpose of the Preliminary Phase is to architect an Enterprise Architecture Capability that meets the needs and expectations of the enterprise’s stakeholders and supports and enables subsequent phases of architecture development and transition. This phase involves defining the scope, principles, framework, and governance for the Enterprise Architecture Capability.
Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Gap Analysis technique?
A. To govern the architecture throughout its implementation process
B. To develop a set of general rules and guidelines for the architecture
C. To identify items omitted from the Target Architecture
D. To allocate resources for architecture projects
Explanation: The purpose of the Gap Analysis technique is similar to the previous question, but with a focus on the Target Architecture. The technique helps to identify the items that are not included or specified in the Target Architecture, such as capabilities, services, components, standards, or technologies. These items may be essential for achieving the vision and goals of the enterprise, or for addressing the stakeholder concerns and requirements. By identifying the items omitted from the Target Architecture, the technique helps to ensure that the architecture is comprehensive, feasible, and realistic.
Consider the following descriptions of deliverables consumed and produced across the TOGAF ADM cycle.
A. 1 Architecture Principles -2 Architecture Contracts - 3 Request for Architecture Work - 4 Architecture Requirements Specification
B. 1 Architecture Contracts - 2 Architecture Requirements Specification - 3 Architecture Vision - 4 Architecture Principles
C. 1 Architecture Requirements Specification -2 Architecture Principles - 3 Architecture Vision - 4 Architecture Contracts
D. 1 Architecture Principles -2 Architecture Contracts - 3 Architecture Requirements Specification-4 Request for Architecture Work
Which of the following are the four purposes that typically frame the planning horizon, depth and breadth of an Architecture Project, and the contents of the EA Repository-?
A. General Foundational Subordinate and Superior Architecture
B. Segment, Capability. Enterprise and End-to-end Target Architecture
C. Avant-Garde Big-Bang, Discreet and Cohesive
D. Strategy Portfolio Project Solution Delivery
Explanation: Strategy Portfolio Project Solution Delivery are the four purposes that typically frame the planning horizon, depth and breadth of an Architecture Project, and the contents of the EA Repository. They correspond to different levels of abstraction and granularity in the architecture development process.
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