You are asked to convert the number 7 from decimal to binary. Which number is correct in this scenario?
A. 00001000
B. 00010000
C. 00000111
D. 11100000
Explanation:
To convert the decimal number 7 to binary, the correct representation is 00000111 (C). In binary, 7 is represented as 1+2+4 (2^0 + 2^1 + 2^2), which corresponds to the last three digits being 1 in the binary format, with leading zeros added for clarity.
Which command displays all IPv6 routes in the default routing instance?
A. showroute table inet.0
B. showroute table inet6.1
C. showroute table inet.1
D. showroute table inet6.0
Explanation:
The show route table inet6.0 command displays all IPv6 routes in the default routing instance. In Junos OS, the routing table for IPv6 addresses is referred to as inet6.0, whereas inet.0 is used for IPv4 unicast routes. The other options do not correspond to the correct IPv6 routing table.
References:
Juniper official documentation: Junos OS Routing Tables Overview.
Which two statements are correct about Junos traceoptions? (Choose two.)
A. Traceoptions cannot be enabled in a production environment.
B. Traceoptions are enabled through configuration.
C. Traceoptions are enabled by default.
D. Traceoption output, by default, is stored in /var/iog/.
Traceoptions in Junos OS are used for detailed debugging and troubleshooting of protocols and processes within the system. They are not enabled by default due to the potential performance impact and volume of data generated. Instead, traceoptions are enabled through specific configuration settings under the relevant protocol or process hierarchy. This allows administrators to target their troubleshooting efforts and control the scope of logging. By default, the output generated by traceoptions is stored in files located in the /var/log directory, with the file name typically specified in the traceoptions configuration. This structured approach to logging and debugging helps in diagnosing complex issues without overwhelming the system or the administrator with irrelevant data.
Which Junos OS component is responsible for maintaining the forwarding table?
A. Routing Engine
B. chassis control daemon
C. Packet Forwarding Engine
D. management daemon
Explanation:
The Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) in Junos OS is responsible for maintaining the forwarding table. The PFE processes incoming packets, performs route lookups in the forwarding table, and forwards packets based on this information, offloading these tasks from the Routing Engine to ensure efficient packet forwarding.
Which two statements are correct about MAC addresses? (Choose two.)
A. Switches use the Address Resolution Protocol table to assign MAC addresses to network interface cards in the forwarding frame.
B. The source and destination MAC addresses always remains static to the final destination.
C. The MAC address identifies the physical hardware.
D. Switches use the destination MAC address to identify the next-hop destination and to change the destination MAC address in the frame.
Explanation:
MAC (Media Access Control) addresses are unique identifiers assigned to network interfaces for communications at the data link layer of a network segment. MAC addresses are used to identify the physical hardware on a network. In the context of Ethernet switches, the destination MAC address in incoming frames is used to determine the appropriate output port for forwarding the frame towards its final destination. The switch does not change the destination MAC address; it uses the MAC address to make forwarding decisions within the local network segment.
What are two examples of exception traffic? (Choose two.)
A. transit packets
B. routing updates
C. log messages
D. ping to the local device
Explanation:
Exception traffic includes traffic that is not simply forwarded by the router but requires special handling, such as routing updates (B) and log messages (C). These types of traffic are processed by the router's control plane rather than just being forwarded through the data plane.
What information would you find using the CLI help command?
A. hyperlinks for remediation actions
B. a URL for accessing the technical documentation
C. an explanation for specific system log error messages
D. message of the day
Explanation:
The CLI help command in Junos OS provides assistance and explanations for commands, command options, and in some cases, specific system log error messages. By using the help command followed by specific keywords or messages, users can get detailed information and context for the commands they are using or errors they are encountering. This feature is particularly useful for understanding the purpose of commands, their syntax, and troubleshooting error messages that may appear in system logs.
Your router has a route to the 10.1.1.0/24 network with a next hop of r jet. In this scenario, which action will your router perform when traffic destined to the 10.1.1.0/24 network is received?
A. The traffic will be discarded and an ICMP unreachable message will be sent to the destination of the traffic.
B. The traffic will be discarded and an ICMP unreachable message will be sent to the source of the traffic.
C. The traffic will be redirected using a default route.
D. The traffic will be silently discarded.
Explanation:
In a scenario where a router has a route to a specific network (in this case, 10.1.1.0/24) with a next hop that is unreachable or incorrectly specified (e.g., "r jet" seems to be a typo or an undefined entity), the router will typically discard the traffic destined for that network. This action is taken because the router cannot determine a valid path to forward the traffic. Unlike some scenarios where the router might generate an ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) unreachable message, in many configurations, especially in production networks, the traffic might be silently discarded without providing feedback to the sender, as generating ICMP messages for all undeliverable packets could lead to additional network congestion and potential security concerns.
Which two statements are correct about a Routing Engine? (Choose two.)
A. It processes CoS marked traffic.
B. It forwards transit traffic.
C. It processes management traffic.
D. It maintains routing tables.
Explanation:
The Routing Engine (RE) in Juniper Networks devices plays a pivotal role in the control plane, handling tasks that are critical for the operation and management of the network. One of its key functions is processing management traffic, which includes user commands, system configuration, and monitoring operations. The RE also maintains routing tables, which are essential for network routing decisions. These tables contain network topology information and routing paths, which the RE uses to update the Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) so that it can forward packets appropriately. The RE does not forward transit traffic or process Class of Service (CoS) marked traffic, as these tasks are handled by the PFE.
After the factory default configuration is loaded, which configuration object must be created prior to the first commit?
A. root authentication
B. loopback IP address
C. out-of-band connectivity
D. host name
Explanation:
In Juniper Networks devices, when the factory default configuration is loaded, the first step before committing any configuration is to set up root authentication. This is crucial because it secures the device by ensuring that only authorized users have administrative access. Without setting up a root password, the device will not allow any commit operations, which is a safety measure to prevent unauthorized access. This requirement emphasizes the importance Juniper places on security right from the initial setup of the device.
An administrator configures a router's interface with an IPv4 address and subnet mask. The administrator also confirms that this interface is in an up state. In this scenario, which two route types are created on the local router? (Choose two.)
A. a static route
B. a local route
C. a dynamic route
D. a direct route
When an interface on a router is configured with an IPv4 address and is in an up state, two types of routes are automatically created in the routing table: a local route and a direct route, making B and D the correct answers. The local route represents the interface's IP address itself, indicating that the router can directly receive packets addressed to this IP. The direct route represents the subnet or network segment to which the interface is connected, indicating that the router can directly forward packets to destinations within this subnet.
What does the user@router> clear log ospf-trace command accomplish?
A. Logging data into ospf-trace is stopped.
B. Trace parameters are removed from the OSPF protocol configuration.
C. Data in the ospf-trace file is removed and logging continues.
D. The ospf-trace file is deleted.
Explanation:
The clear log ospf-trace command on a Juniper Networks router is used specifically to manage the contents of the log file named ospf-trace. Executing this command clears or deletes the existing data within the ospf-trace log file but does not stop the logging process. The router continues to log new OSPF-related events and data into this file after the command is executed. This functionality is crucial for troubleshooting and monitoring the OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) protocol's operation by allowing network administrators to remove old or irrelevant log data while continuously capturing new events without interruption.
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